BODY LANGUAGE
1. Body language is nonverbal communication through body motions, also known as kinesics, the study of body language.
2. Eye contact is how and how much we look at the people with whom we are communicating.
3. Facial expression is the arrangement of facial muscles to communicate emotional states or reactions to messages; emoticons are typed or graphic symbols that convey emotional aspects of online messages. 4. The gesture is a movement of hands, arms, and fingers to describe or to emphasize.
5. Emblems are gestures that can substitute completely for words.
6. Posture is the position and movement of the whole body; body orientation refers to the posture in relation to another person.
7. Touch, formally known as haptics, is putting part of the body in contact with something.
8. Spontaneous touch is touch that is automatic and subconscious.
9. Ritualized touch is a touch that is scripted and not spontaneous.
10. Task-related touch is a touch used to perform an unemotional function.
16 VOICE/PARALAGUAGE
Voice/Paralanguage is communication through nonverbal sounds; it is comprised of five vocal characteristics, including pitch, volume, rate, quality, and intonation, which can complement or contradict meaning, while vocal interferences can disrupt messages.
1. Pitch is the highness or lowness of a person’s vocal tone.
2. Volume is the loudness or softness of a person’s vocal tone.
3. Rate is the speed at which a person speaks.
4. Quality is the sound of a person’s voice.
5. Intonation is the variety, melody, or inflection of a person’s voice.
6. Vocal interferences are extraneous words or sounds that interrupt fluent\ speech.
ENVIRONMENT/SPACE
1. The third category of nonverbal communication is spatial usage, which is nonverbal communication through the use of space and objects around us.
2. Personal space is the space around the place a person occupies at a given time; and proxemics is the study of personal space.
3. Acoustic space is the area over which one’s voice or music can be heard.
4. The territory is the space over which we claim ownership.
5. Artifacts are the possessions we use to decorate our territory and communicate about our space.
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